Recognizing Warning Signs of Abuse, Grooming, or Exploitation

Students who are experiencing abuse, grooming, or exploitation often show subtle—but serious—changes in behavior, appearance, or social interactions. These warning signs can be easy to overlook, especially when they resemble typical adolescent behavior. However, when these changes seem sudden, extreme, or out of character, they may signal that a student is in distress or at risk. Educators and school staff play a vital role in noticing these red flags and taking action.

The following list outlines common indicators that a student may be experiencing harm or manipulation.

Sudden changes in friendships, behavior, attitude, or academic performance
New or increased anxiety, fear, or reluctance to attend school or be around a specific adult
Rapid weight loss or gain without a medical explanation
Dressing in an unusually provocative or overly modest way, possibly to appease or avoid attention from the predator
Sudden interest in makeup or appearance changes that seem out of character or forced

Visible signs of injury (bruises, scratches) with vague or inconsistent explanations
Withdrawal from family, friends, or usual interests
Following or messaging school staff on social media
Having multiple or secretive social media accounts
Possessing expensive items (jewelry, clothes, accessories) or unexplained money